Home › Companies › NAVER CORP. › 2024-2025
At NAVER CORP.'s shareholder meeting held March 26, 2025, in the 2024-2025 proxy season, 88 asset managers reported how they voted in their SEC Form N-PX filings, covering 2,093 separate fund positions. Their filings are grouped here into 21 reported items; because filers word the same ballot item differently, that can be more than the number of items on the ballot. No official Form 8-K vote tally has been matched to this meeting, so this page states no certified outcome for its most widely held ballot item. On that item — Approve Total Remuneration of Inside Directors and Outside Directors — the reporting funds and managers cast 100% of the shares they voted in favour (FOR divided by FOR plus AGAINST plus WITHHELD; abstained and unvoted shares are excluded because neither took a side). Fund and manager reports are combined in it and may count the same shares twice: it adds fund reports to institutional-manager reports, which can cover the same shares. It is not the company's certified result.
Download data (CSV): ballot items · votes by manager · column guide.
Compiled from SEC Form N-PX filings. Page generated November 8, 2026.
No official results are on file for this meeting: no Form 8-K tally (Item 5.07) from NAVER CORP. has been matched to it. The figures below are the funds’ own votes from Form N-PX. They are not the meeting result, so they are not used to judge dissent.
Material dissent: a director nominee under 80% of the votes cast, say-on-pay under 70%, any other item the board put forward under 80%, or a shareholder proposal with more than 50%, on the company’s own Form 8-K tally. How this is decided
Explore NAVER CORP. in the interactive database Compare manager voting policies
Each item below shows how the 88 asset managers that disclosed a NAVER CORP. vote in their SEC Form N-PX filings actually voted. Share totals are the shares those managers' funds voted, summed across every fund they report. These are reported items, not a count of the ballot: fund filings describe one ballot item in different words. Two descriptions are shown as one item only on evidence — the same text (or one cut short of the other), the same director nominee, or a match to the same row of NAVER CORP.’s own Form 8-K tally — never because they merely read alike. A description that could not be joined that way is listed on its own, so one ballot item can appear more than once.
99.6% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 167,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 0 | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | Against |
| Morgan Stanley | 61,257 | 961 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 17,068,272 for, 64,273 against. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 1 managers: 281,300 for.
100% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 167,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Morgan Stanley | 62,218 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 17,132,545 for. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 1 managers: 281,300 for.
100% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 167,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Morgan Stanley | 62,218 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 17,132,545 for. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 1 managers: 281,300 for.
100% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 167,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Morgan Stanley | 62,218 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 17,132,545 for. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 1 managers: 281,300 for.
99.6% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 167,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 0 | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | Against |
| Morgan Stanley | 61,257 | 961 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 17,068,272 for, 64,273 against. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 1 managers: 281,300 for.
99.6% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 167,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 0 | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | Against |
| Morgan Stanley | 61,257 | 961 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 17,068,272 for, 64,273 against. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 1 managers: 281,300 for.
Combines 2 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 29 asset managers below reported 5,548,176 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 541,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Showing the 25 largest of 29 asset managers. All 29 are in the interactive database (link above).
Combines 2 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 29 asset managers below reported 5,548,176 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 541,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Showing the 25 largest of 29 asset managers. All 29 are in the interactive database (link above).
Combines 2 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 29 asset managers below reported 5,548,176 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 541,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Showing the 25 largest of 29 asset managers. All 29 are in the interactive database (link above).
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 19 asset managers below reported 4,826,805 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 541,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Forethought Variable Insurance Trust | 1,453 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| RBB FUND, INC. | 475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| GPS Funds I | 155 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 19 asset managers below reported 4,826,805 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 541,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Forethought Variable Insurance Trust | 1,453 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| RBB FUND, INC. | 475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| GPS Funds I | 155 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 19 asset managers below reported 4,826,805 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 541,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Forethought Variable Insurance Trust | 1,453 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| RBB FUND, INC. | 475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| GPS Funds I | 155 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 10 asset managers below reported 721,371 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Federated Hermes | 56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 10 asset managers below reported 721,371 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Federated Hermes | 56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 10 asset managers below reported 721,371 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Federated Hermes | 56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
99% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 0 | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | Against |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 162,703 | 5,181 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Morgan Stanley | 62,218 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 16,917,459 for, 215,086 against. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 1 managers: 281,300 for.
99.9% of fund votes cast · no official result
Description as filed by funds: APPROVAL OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The 19 asset managers below reported 4,822,229 for, 4,576 against. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 536,460 | 4,576 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Forethought Variable Insurance Trust | 1,453 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| RBB FUND, INC. | 475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| GPS Funds I | 155 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 10 asset managers below reported 721,371 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Federated Hermes | 56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% Fund and manager reports combined; may count the same shares twice · no official result
Fund voting reports and institutional-manager reports both cover this item. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two are shown separately below and never added together, and their sum is not shown (fund and manager reports combined may count the same shares twice). The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 3,881,124 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 2,264,724 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Artisan | 2,210,720 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MFS | 921,546 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 715,324 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 628,123 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 386,175 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 284,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 202,157 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 199,589 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TEMPLETON DEVELOPING MARKETS TRUST | 199,114 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Brighthouse | 167,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Virtus | 160,536 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DRIEHAUS MUTUAL FUNDS | 125,137 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| LONGLEAF PARTNERS FUNDS TRUST | 124,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 101,483 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| EXCHANGE TRADED CONCEPTS TRUST | 70,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AllianceBernstein | 66,099 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Franklin Templeton | 65,857 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 63,312 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Morgan Stanley | 62,218 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| American Century | 53,960 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Fund voting reports, all 61 managers: 17,132,545 for. Showing the 25 largest; every one is in the interactive database (link above).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| APG Asset Management US Inc. | 778,585 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Institutional-manager reports, all 2 managers: 1,059,885 for.
99.9% of fund votes cast · no official result
Description as filed by funds: APPROVAL OF LIMITS ON REMUNERATION FOR DIRECTOR
The 19 asset managers below reported 4,824,794 for, 2,011 against. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BlackRock | 3,839,125 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 541,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BAILLIE GIFFORD FUNDS | 116,315 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 81,300 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARDING LOEVNER FUNDS INC | 69,482 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Jackson National | 55,599 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Listed Funds Trust | 34,445 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MASTER INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO | 21,808 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Natixis | 21,732 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HARBOR FUNDS | 19,049 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 6,089 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Tidal Trust I | 5,793 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Krane Shares Trust | 5,220 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Lincoln Financial | 3,183 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PFM Multi-Manager Series Trust | 2,535 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIMOTHY PLAN | 0 | 2,011 | 0 | 0 | Against |
| Forethought Variable Insurance Trust | 1,453 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| RBB FUND, INC. | 475 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| GPS Funds I | 155 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% of fund votes cast · no official result
The 10 asset managers below reported 721,371 for. The figure above is FOR ÷ (FOR + AGAINST + WITHHELD) of the shares these managers voted; abstained and unvoted shares are in neither half, and these managers are a subset of all shareholders, not the meeting result.
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Schwab | 344,242 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 212,735 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Global X | 69,036 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 35,493 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI | 31,466 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Russell Investments | 14,812 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Prudential/PGIM | 8,331 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| SEI Exchange Traded Funds | 2,800 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 2,400 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Federated Hermes | 56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Ranked separately for each type of Form N-PX report. An institutional manager can report shares that a fund it advises also reports, so the two tables can list the same shares and are never added together. Each is ranked by the shares voted on the item that the most managers of that type reported.
| # | Asset manager | Shares voted |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vanguard | 3,881,124 |
| 2 | Fidelity | 2,264,724 |
| 3 | Artisan | 2,210,720 |
| 4 | FIRST EAGLE FUNDS | 1,972,762 |
| 5 | HARRIS ASSOCIATES INVESTMENT TRUST | 1,248,839 |
| 6 | MFS | 921,546 |
| 7 | T. Rowe Price | 715,324 |
| 8 | TIAA | 628,123 |
| 9 | Invesco | 386,175 |
| 10 | FINANCIAL INVESTORS TRUST | 289,250 |
| # | Asset manager | Shares voted |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | APG Asset Management US Inc. | 778,585 |
| 2 | RWC ASSET ADVISORS (US) LLC | 281,300 |
Shown as share counts, not percentages: no shares-outstanding figure has been matched to NAVER CORP. for the 2024-2025 season, so there is no denominator to divide by.
Every figure above is derived from filings made with the US Securities and Exchange Commission: Form N-PX, in which registered funds disclose how they voted every proxy and institutional managers disclose their votes on executive pay (say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and golden parachutes), and Form 8-K Item 5.07, in which the company reports its own meeting results. This page is a static snapshot rebuilt weekly on November 8, 2026; a live search always shows the current data.
NAVER CORP. proxy season coverage: 2023-2024 · 2024-2025 (this page) · 2025-2026.
proxyvotesnow.com, “NAVER CORP. 2025 Annual Meeting: Shareholder Vote Results & Fund Votes”, https://proxyvotesnow.com/company/naver-corp/2025 (version of November 8, 2026). Derived from SEC Form N-PX and Form 8-K filings; tables licensed CC BY 4.0. Licence: CC BY 4.0.