Home › Companies › POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC. › 2023-2024
Compiled from SEC Form N-PX filings and POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s Form 8-K, filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07 on EDGAR). Page generated 02 October 2026.
Proxy season: 2023-2024
Explore POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC. in the interactive database Compare manager voting policies
These tallies are POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own, as disclosed to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 8-K, filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07, “Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders”). They cover every share voted at the meeting, not just the funds that file Form N-PX.
| Ballot item | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Broker non-votes | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elect Director: Barbara Byrne | 171,192,390 | -- | -- | 23,399,835 | 0 | Majority: yes |
| Elect Director: Judy Cotte | 172,623,134 | -- | -- | 21,969,091 | 0 | Majority: yes |
| Elect Director: Ronald D. McCray | 174,980,199 | -- | -- | 19,612,026 | 0 | Majority: yes |
| Elect Director: Gwen Reinke | 172,626,047 | -- | -- | 21,966,178 | 0 | Majority: yes |
| Proposal 2: At the Meeting, the vote to approve, by an advisory vote, the compensation of the Company's Named Executive Officers, as disclosed in the proxy statement, referred to as "Say-on-Pay," was as follows: | 191,557,195 | 3,031,972 | 3,058 | -- | 0 | Majority: yes |
| Proposal 3: At the Meeting, the vote to approve, on an advisory basis, the preferred frequency of future advisory votes on Named Executive Officer compensation, referred to as "Say-on-Pay Frequency," was as follows: | 194,459,607 | 128,920 | 3,698 | -- | -- | Majority: yes |
Source: POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC., Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on 2024-05-07 — read the filing on EDGAR.
Each item below shows how the 211 asset managers that disclosed a POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC. vote in their SEC Form N-PX filings actually voted. Share totals are the shares those managers' funds voted, summed across every fund they report. These are reported items, not a count of the ballot: fund filings describe one ballot item in different words. Two descriptions are shown as one item only on evidence — the same text (or one cut short of the other), the same director nominee, or a match to the same row of POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own Form 8-K tally — never because they merely read alike. A description that could not be joined that way is listed on its own, so one ballot item can appear more than once.
Combines 10 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
99.9% Majority: yes · of votes cast
POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own tally for this item (“Proposal 3: At the Meeting, the vote to approve, on an advisory basis, the preferred frequency of future advisory votes on Named Executive Officer compensation, referred to as "Say-on-Pay Frequency," was as follows:”): 194,459,607 for, 128,920 against, per its Form 8-K filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07). FOR was more than half of the votes cast. Whether the item passed is for the filing to say; its statement has not been read for this item.
The 207 asset managers below cast 99.9% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (247,922 for, 225 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VISTA EQUITY PARTNERS MANAGEMENT, LLC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1-Year |
| Vanguard | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| CANADA PENSION PLAN INVESTMENT BOARD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| Wellington | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 Year |
| BLAIR WILLIAM & CO/IL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| WASATCH ADVISORS LP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| Calvert | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| MACKENZIE FINANCIAL CORP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 Year |
| BlackRock | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| T. Rowe Price | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| Nuveen | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| RIVERBRIDGE PARTNERS LLC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 Year |
| Invesco | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| TimesSquare Capital Management, LLC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| Hartford | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 Year |
| Goldman Sachs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| NewEdge Wealth, LLC | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 Year |
| PICTET ASSET MANAGEMENT SA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| Loomis Sayles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| Charles Schwab | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 Year |
| FORT WASHINGTON INVESTMENT ADVISORS INC /OH/ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| TIAA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
| TOUCHSTONE STRATEGIC TRUST | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 Year |
| State Street | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | One Year |
Showing the 25 largest of 207 asset managers. See all 207 in the interactive database.
Combines 11 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
98% Majority: yes · of votes cast
POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own tally for this item (“Proposal 2: At the Meeting, the vote to approve, by an advisory vote, the compensation of the Company's Named Executive Officers, as disclosed in the proxy statement, referred to as "Say-on-Pay," was as follows:”): 191,557,195 for, 3,031,972 against, per its Form 8-K filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07). FOR was more than half of the votes cast. Whether the item passed is for the filing to say; its statement has not been read for this item.
The 205 asset managers below cast 97% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (126,680,248 for, 3,851,003 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VISTA EQUITY PARTNERS MANAGEMENT, LLC | 71,859,739 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Vanguard | 9,196,986 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| CANADA PENSION PLAN INVESTMENT BOARD | 4,927,352 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Wellington | 3,766,813 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BLAIR WILLIAM & CO/IL | 3,453,678 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| WASATCH ADVISORS LP | 2,986,250 | 12,235 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 0 | 2,484,051 | 0 | 0 | Against |
| WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 2,399,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MACKENZIE FINANCIAL CORP | 2,381,997 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BlackRock | 2,369,032 | 7,848 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 1,739,921 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Nuveen | 1,689,642 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| RIVERBRIDGE PARTNERS LLC | 1,500,841 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 1,463,897 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TimesSquare Capital Management, LLC | 1,237,130 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 1,141,158 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Goldman Sachs | 1,086,418 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| NewEdge Wealth, LLC | 998,208 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| PICTET ASSET MANAGEMENT SA | 955,316 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 910,108 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| FORT WASHINGTON INVESTMENT ADVISORS INC /OH/ | 893,832 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 816,696 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TOUCHSTONE STRATEGIC TRUST | 733,500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| State Street | 687,876 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Columbia Threadneedle | 188,819 | 487,154 | 0 | 0 | Against |
Showing the 25 largest of 205 asset managers. See all 205 in the interactive database.
Combines 6 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
88% Majority: yes · of votes cast
POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own tally for this item (“Elect Director: Barbara Byrne”): 171,192,390 for, 23,399,835 withheld, per its Form 8-K filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07). FOR was more than half of the votes cast. Whether the item passed is for the filing to say; its statement has not been read for this item.
The 74 asset managers below cast 100% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (16,655,509 for, 0 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 9,032,254 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 2,399,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TimesSquare Capital Management, LLC | 0 | 0 | 1,237,130 | 0 | Abstain |
| Calvert | 0 | 0 | 1,233,338 | 0 | Abstain |
| BlackRock | 1,172,521 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 0 | 0 | 1,141,158 | 0 | Abstain |
| TIAA | 0 | 0 | 816,696 | 0 | Abstain |
| T. Rowe Price | 799,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TOUCHSTONE STRATEGIC TRUST | 733,500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 555,216 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 455,054 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Nuveen | 0 | 0 | 390,524 | 0 | Abstain |
| Allspring | 0 | 0 | 271,423 | 0 | Abstain |
| John Hancock | 0 | 0 | 237,158 | 0 | Abstain |
| HOMESTEAD FUNDS INC | 0 | 0 | 207,669 | 0 | Abstain |
| Fidelity | 202,727 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 193,326 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Columbia Threadneedle | 188,819 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MML SERIES INVESTMENT FUND | 0 | 0 | 173,386 | 0 | Abstain |
| DWS | 0 | 0 | 151,401 | 0 | Abstain |
| Northwestern Mutual | 0 | 0 | 150,395 | 0 | Abstain |
| Dimensional | 0 | 0 | 129,229 | 0 | Abstain |
| Equitable | 56,200 | 0 | 66,163 | 0 | Abstain |
| AMG FUNDS | 0 | 0 | 119,210 | 0 | Abstain |
| AIG/SunAmerica | 0 | 0 | 116,788 | 0 | Abstain |
Showing the 25 largest of 74 asset managers. See all 74 in the interactive database.
Combines 5 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
89% Majority: yes · of votes cast
POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own tally for this item (“Elect Director: Gwen Reinke”): 172,626,047 for, 21,966,178 withheld, per its Form 8-K filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07). FOR was more than half of the votes cast. Whether the item passed is for the filing to say; its statement has not been read for this item.
The 74 asset managers below cast 100% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (17,952,948 for, 0 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 9,032,254 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 2,399,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TimesSquare Capital Management, LLC | 0 | 0 | 1,237,130 | 0 | Abstain |
| Calvert | 0 | 0 | 1,233,338 | 0 | Abstain |
| BlackRock | 1,172,521 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 1,141,158 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 0 | 0 | 816,696 | 0 | Abstain |
| T. Rowe Price | 799,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TOUCHSTONE STRATEGIC TRUST | 733,500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 555,216 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 455,054 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Nuveen | 0 | 0 | 390,524 | 0 | Abstain |
| Allspring | 0 | 0 | 271,423 | 0 | Abstain |
| John Hancock | 189,595 | 0 | 47,563 | 0 | For |
| HOMESTEAD FUNDS INC | 0 | 0 | 207,669 | 0 | Abstain |
| Fidelity | 202,727 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 193,326 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Columbia Threadneedle | 0 | 0 | 188,819 | 0 | Abstain |
| MML SERIES INVESTMENT FUND | 173,386 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DWS | 0 | 0 | 151,401 | 0 | Abstain |
| Northwestern Mutual | 150,395 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 0 | 0 | 129,229 | 0 | Abstain |
| Equitable | 56,200 | 0 | 66,163 | 0 | Abstain |
| AMG FUNDS | 0 | 0 | 119,210 | 0 | Abstain |
| AIG/SunAmerica | 0 | 0 | 116,788 | 0 | Abstain |
Showing the 25 largest of 74 asset managers. See all 74 in the interactive database.
Combines 5 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
89% Majority: yes · of votes cast
POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own tally for this item (“Elect Director: Judy Cotte”): 172,623,134 for, 21,969,091 withheld, per its Form 8-K filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07). FOR was more than half of the votes cast. Whether the item passed is for the filing to say; its statement has not been read for this item.
The 74 asset managers below cast 100% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (17,952,948 for, 0 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 9,032,254 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 2,399,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TimesSquare Capital Management, LLC | 0 | 0 | 1,237,130 | 0 | Abstain |
| Calvert | 0 | 0 | 1,233,338 | 0 | Abstain |
| BlackRock | 1,172,521 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 1,141,158 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 0 | 0 | 816,696 | 0 | Abstain |
| T. Rowe Price | 799,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TOUCHSTONE STRATEGIC TRUST | 733,500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 555,216 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 455,054 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Nuveen | 0 | 0 | 390,524 | 0 | Abstain |
| Allspring | 0 | 0 | 271,423 | 0 | Abstain |
| John Hancock | 189,595 | 0 | 47,563 | 0 | For |
| HOMESTEAD FUNDS INC | 0 | 0 | 207,669 | 0 | Abstain |
| Fidelity | 202,727 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 193,326 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Columbia Threadneedle | 0 | 0 | 188,819 | 0 | Abstain |
| MML SERIES INVESTMENT FUND | 173,386 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DWS | 0 | 0 | 151,401 | 0 | Abstain |
| Northwestern Mutual | 150,395 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 0 | 0 | 129,229 | 0 | Abstain |
| Equitable | 56,200 | 0 | 66,163 | 0 | Abstain |
| AMG FUNDS | 0 | 0 | 119,210 | 0 | Abstain |
| AIG/SunAmerica | 0 | 0 | 116,788 | 0 | Abstain |
Showing the 25 largest of 74 asset managers. See all 74 in the interactive database.
Combines 6 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
90% Majority: yes · of votes cast
POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.’s own tally for this item (“Elect Director: Ronald D. McCray”): 174,980,199 for, 19,612,026 withheld, per its Form 8-K filed 2024-05-07 (Item 5.07). FOR was more than half of the votes cast. Whether the item passed is for the filing to say; its statement has not been read for this item.
The 74 asset managers below cast 100% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (18,432,907 for, 0 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 9,032,254 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 2,399,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TimesSquare Capital Management, LLC | 0 | 0 | 1,237,130 | 0 | Abstain |
| Calvert | 0 | 0 | 1,233,338 | 0 | Abstain |
| BlackRock | 1,172,521 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 1,141,158 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 0 | 0 | 816,696 | 0 | Abstain |
| T. Rowe Price | 799,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TOUCHSTONE STRATEGIC TRUST | 733,500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 555,216 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 455,054 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Nuveen | 0 | 0 | 390,524 | 0 | Abstain |
| Allspring | 0 | 0 | 271,423 | 0 | Abstain |
| John Hancock | 189,595 | 0 | 47,563 | 0 | For |
| HOMESTEAD FUNDS INC | 0 | 0 | 207,669 | 0 | Abstain |
| Fidelity | 202,727 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 193,326 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Columbia Threadneedle | 188,819 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MML SERIES INVESTMENT FUND | 173,386 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DWS | 0 | 0 | 151,401 | 0 | Abstain |
| Northwestern Mutual | 150,395 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 0 | 0 | 129,229 | 0 | Abstain |
| Equitable | 56,200 | 0 | 66,163 | 0 | Abstain |
| AMG FUNDS | 0 | 0 | 119,210 | 0 | Abstain |
| AIG/SunAmerica | 0 | 0 | 116,788 | 0 | Abstain |
Showing the 25 largest of 74 asset managers. See all 74 in the interactive database.
Combines 3 wordings of this item as funds reported it.
99.9% fund support · no official result
The 73 asset managers below cast 99.9% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (23,633,638 for, 188 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vanguard | 9,032,254 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 2,399,884 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TimesSquare Capital Management, LLC | 1,237,130 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Calvert | 1,233,338 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| BlackRock | 1,172,521 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Hartford | 1,141,158 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TIAA | 816,696 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| T. Rowe Price | 799,994 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| TOUCHSTONE STRATEGIC TRUST | 733,500 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Invesco | 555,216 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Charles Schwab | 455,054 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Nuveen | 390,524 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Allspring | 271,423 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| John Hancock | 237,158 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| HOMESTEAD FUNDS INC | 207,669 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Fidelity | 202,727 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| JPMorgan | 193,326 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Columbia Threadneedle | 188,819 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| MML SERIES INVESTMENT FUND | 173,386 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| DWS | 151,401 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Northwestern Mutual | 150,395 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Dimensional | 129,229 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Equitable | 122,363 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AMG FUNDS | 119,210 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| AIG/SunAmerica | 116,788 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Showing the 25 largest of 73 asset managers. See all 73 in the interactive database.
77% fund support · no official result
The 4 asset managers below cast 77% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (468,903 for, 138,123 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPMorgan | 260,781 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Thematics Asset Management | 153,440 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Desjardins Global Asset Management Inc. | 0 | 138,123 | 0 | 0 | Against |
| Morningstar Funds Trust | 54,682 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
100% fund support · no official result
The 2 asset managers below cast 100% of the shares they voted on this item FOR (58 for, 0 against).
| Asset manager | For | Against | Abstain | Withheld | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Orion Porfolio Solutions, LLC | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
| Orion Portfolio Solutions, LLC | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | For |
Ranked by the number of POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC. shares each manager voted on the most widely held ballot item of the 2023-2024 meeting.
| # | Asset manager | Shares voted |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VISTA EQUITY PARTNERS MANAGEMENT, LLC | 71,859,739 |
| 2 | Vanguard | 9,196,986 |
| 3 | CANADA PENSION PLAN INVESTMENT BOARD | 4,927,352 |
| 4 | Wellington | 3,766,813 |
| 5 | BLAIR WILLIAM & CO/IL | 3,453,678 |
| 6 | WASATCH ADVISORS LP | 2,998,485 |
| 7 | Calvert | 2,484,051 |
| 8 | WASATCH FUNDS TRUST | 2,399,884 |
| 9 | MACKENZIE FINANCIAL CORP | 2,381,997 |
| 10 | BlackRock | 2,376,880 |
Shown as share counts, not percentages: no shares-outstanding figure has been matched to POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC. for the 2023-2024 season, so there is no denominator to divide by.
Every figure above is derived from filings made with the US Securities and Exchange Commission: Form N-PX, in which registered investment companies and institutional managers disclose how they voted every proxy, and Form 8-K Item 5.07, in which the company reports its own meeting results. This page is a static snapshot rebuilt weekly on 02 October 2026; a live search always shows the current data.
At POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.'s shareholder meeting held 2024-05-02, in the 2023-2024 proxy season, 211 asset managers reported how they voted in their SEC Form N-PX filings, covering 1,957 separate fund positions. Their filings are grouped here into 9 reported items; because filers word the same ballot item differently, that can be more than the number of items on the ballot. On the most widely held item on that ballot — To approve, by an advisory, non- binding vote, the frequency of future Say-on-Pay votes… — FOR was 99.9% of the votes cast (FOR divided by FOR plus AGAINST, the conventional basis for proxy support; abstentions, broker non-votes and unvoted shares are excluded because none of them took a side), which is more than half. Whether the item was approved is for the filing to say; that statement has not been read for this item. Source: POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC.'s Form 8-K, Item 5.07, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on 2024-05-07.
POWERSCHOOL HOLDINGS INC. proxy season coverage: 2023-2024 (this page).